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Schistosoma intercalatum : ウィキペディア英語版 | Schistosoma intercalatum
''Schistosoma intercalatum'' is a parasitic worm found in parts of western and central Africa. There are two strains: the Lower Guinea strain and the Zaire strain. ''S. intercalatum'' is one of the major agents of the rectal form of schistosomiasis, also called bilharzia. It is a trematode, and being part of the ''Schistosoma'' genus, it is commonly referred to as a blood-fluke since the adult resides in blood vessels. Humans are the definitive host and two species of freshwater snail make up the intermediate host, ''Bulinus forskalii'' for the Lower Guinea strain and ''Bulinus africanus'' for the Zaire strain.〔Tchuem Tchuenté LA, Southgate, VR, Jourdane J, Webster BL, Vercruysse J (2003) ''Schistosoma intercalatum'': an endangered species in Cameroon? ''Trends Parasitol'' 19: 141-153.〕 == Morphology == The clinically defining characteristic of most schistosome species are their eggs' size and shape. The eggs of ''Schistosoma intercalatum'' have a terminal spine and tend to be moderately larger than those of ''S. haematobium'' (approximately 130 × 75 µm). The origin of the name 'intercalatum' is from the observation that their eggs are of an intermediate range between the smaller ''S. haematobium'' and larger ''S. bovis''.〔Fisher AC (1934) Study of the schistosomiasis of the Stanleyville district of the Belgian Congo. ''T Roy Soc Trop Med H'' 28: 277-306.〕 These eggs are unique because they will stain red when exposed to the Ziehl-Neelsen technique, aiding in identification.〔Southgate VR (1976) Schistosomiasis at Loum, Cameroun. ''Parasitol Res'' 49: 145-159.〕 When viewed using scanning electron microscopy, it can be observed that the ''S. intercalatum's'' surface has a much lower amount of integumental elevations, or bosses, than ''S. mansoni''. This feature is consistent with the tegument appearance of other terminally spined schistosomes.〔Kuntz RE (1977) Scanning electron microscopy of intergumental surfaces of ''Schistosoma intercalatum''. ''J Parasitol'' 63: 401-406.〕
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